How the ‘Brussels effect’ backfired

Once a model for the world, the EU’s rulemaking machine has faltered under the weight of its own ambition.

14 December, 2025 by Peter Foster in London and Barbara Moens in Brussels

Six years ago the EU pledged to stem the destruction of the world’s forests — and thus take a major step towards halting climate change — by the sheer might of its regulatory power.

With the bloc importing 30 per

But

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